Thus the concept of a species is less well defined and more likely represents the identification of different ecotypes of Vitis that have evolved in distinct geographical and environmental circumstances.

Many species are sufficiently closely related to allow easy interbreeding and the resultant interspecific hybrids are invariably fertile and vigorous. Mature grapevines can grow up to 48 centimetres (19 inches) in diameter at breast height and reach the upper canopy of trees more than 35 metres (115 feet) in height. Their growth makes leaf collection challenging and polymorphic leaves make identification of species difficult. Grape species occur in widely different geographical areas and show a great diversity of form. Most Vitis species are found mostly in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in North America and eastern Asia, exceptions being a few in the tropics and the wine grape Vitis vinifera which originated in southern Europe and southwestern Asia. Wild grapes can resemble the single-seeded Menispermum canadense (moonseed), which is toxic. have 38 chromosomes (n=19) with berries borne on clusters and Muscadinia Planch. The genus Vitis is divided into two subgenera, Euvitis Planch. In the wild, all species of Vitis are normally dioecious, but under domestication, variants with perfect flowers appear to have been selected. Other parts of the vine include the tendrils which are leaf-opposed, branched in Vitis vinifera, and are used to support the climbing plant by twining onto surrounding structures such as branches or the trellising of a vine-training system. The fruit is a berry, ovoid in shape and juicy, with a two-celled ovary each containing two ovules, thus normally producing four seeds per flower (or fewer by way of aborted embryos). The calyx is greatly reduced or nonexistent in most species and the petals are joined together at the tip into one unit but separated at the base. The flowers are mostly bisexual, :вЂЉ143 pentamerous, with a hypogynous disk. Vitis is distinguished from other genera of Vitaceae by having petals which remain joined at the tip and detach from the base to fall together as a calyptra or 'cap'. Дeveloping inflorescences of Vitis viniferaДЇlower buds are formed late in the growing season and overwinter for blooming in spring of the next year. These vines will be pruned either into a cane which will support 8 to 15 buds or to a smaller spur which holds 2 to 3 buds. In viticulture, this is one of the principles behind pruning the previous year's growth (or 'One year old wood') that includes shoots that have turned hard and woody during the winter (after harvest in commercial viticulture). Grapevines usually only produce fruit on shoots that came from buds that were developed during the previous growing season. While the flowers of the grapevines are usually very small, the berries are often large and brightly colored with sweet flavors that attract birds and other animals to disperse the seeds contained within the berries. In many species, such as Vitis vinifera, each successfully pollinated flower becomes a grape berry with the inflorescence turning into a cluster of grapes. These flowers are grouped in bunches called inflorescences. Most cultivated Vitis varieties are wind-pollinated with hermaphroditic flowers containing both male and female reproductive structures, while wild species are dieceous. The study and cultivation of grapevines is called viticulture. It is economically important as the source of grapes, both for direct consumption of the fruit and for fermentation to produce wine. The genus is made up of species predominantly from the Northern Hemisphere. Vitis ( grapevines) is a genus of 79 accepted species of vining plants in the flowering plant family Vitaceae.

Grape vines for sale